Sur Singh: Tarn Taran’s Largest Village and a Cradle of Sikh Heritage

• Apr 24, 2025

Sur Singh, the largest village in Punjab's Tarn Taran district, boasts a rich legacy steeped in history, spirituality, and cultural pride. Situated 32 kilometers from Amritsar along the Amritsar-Khemkaran road and located on National Highway 354, the village is a living monument to Punjab’s glorious past.

According to historian Giani Gian Singh in his renowned work Tawarikh Gurkhalsa, the village was founded by King Sur Singh in 1477 AD—just eight years after the birth of Guru Nanak Dev Ji in 1469. This close historical connection with the founder of Sikhism gives Sur Singh a special place in the annals of Sikh heritage.

Locals like Mukhtar Singh Boran Wale take pride in the village’s spiritual roots, citing its direct association with Guru Nanak Dev Ji. As noted by Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha and documented in the Sikh Encyclopaedia published by Punjabi University, Sur Singh is the birthplace of Baba Bidhi Chand—a revered Sikh warrior, devoted follower of Guru Arjan Dev Ji, and the commander under Guru Hargobind Sahib Ji.

Today, the village serves as the headquarters of the prominent Sikh religious sect, Dal Baba Bidhi Chand. The sect is currently led by Baba Avtar Singh, the 12th spiritual successor, who took over from his father, Baba Daya Singh. Renowned for preserving martial traditions, the sect maintains a unique legacy with 60 trained horses and one elephant. These animals are not only symbolic but are also trained in traditional martial arts and ceremonial performances. The sect's spiritual and martial traditions continue to attract thousands of followers from across the globe.

Historically, Sur Singh has played a vital role in resisting oppression. Baba Bidhi Chand is especially remembered for his fearless defiance of Mughal emperor Shah Jahan. When the emperor seized two prized horses, Dilbagh and Gulbagh, Baba Bidhi Chand heroically reclaimed them using clever disguises and unmatched bravery—cementing his status as a legendary figure in Sikh resistance.

The village is also referred to as chaaoni (cantonment), symbolizing its readiness to defend the faith and uphold justice. This spirit of resilience runs deep in the community and has defined its identity through generations.

Sur Singh has also produced a number of distinguished individuals, including Dr. Gurdial Singh Dhillon, former Speaker of the Lok Sabha during Indira Gandhi's tenure, and former Punjab Chief Minister Partap Singh Kairon. Both hailed from the Dhillon sub-caste, which is predominant in Sur Singh and neighboring villages.

Political observers note that the support of Sur Singh’s voters is often considered vital for electoral success in the region, further highlighting the village's influence in Punjab's socio-political landscape.

From its ancient roots to its continued cultural and spiritual relevance, Sur Singh remains a beacon of Sikh pride, martial tradition, and community strength.